{"schema":2,"years":[2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023,2024,2025,2026],"topics":[{"name":"AI agents","cat":"AI","series":[0.009,0.011,0.019,0.017,0.011,0.012,0.023,0.028,0.029,0.03,0.041,0.039,0.038,0.035,0.035,0.035,0.116,0.277,1.296,3.911],"recent":1.83,"base":0.0497,"mom":36.81,"peak":3.911,"peak_year":2026,"terms":["agents","agentic"],"story_count":38},{"name":"AI / LLM","cat":"AI","series":[0.134,0.127,0.136,0.098,0.102,0.076,0.111,0.189,0.474,1.088,1.764,2.037,1.979,1.667,1.517,2.29,9.308,9.022,12.901,16.598],"recent":12.84,"base":3.133,"mom":4.1,"peak":16.598,"peak_year":2026,"terms":["ai","llm","gpt","chatgpt","neural"],"story_count":187},{"name":"Zig","cat":"Languages","series":[0.0,0.0,0.0,0.001,0.001,0.003,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.003,0.003,0.009,0.01,0.018,0.034,0.057,0.062,0.065,0.112,0.124],"recent":0.1,"base":0.0317,"mom":3.17,"peak":0.124,"peak_year":2026,"terms":["zig"],"story_count":4},{"name":"DuckDB","cat":"Data","series":[0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.002,0.003,0.006,0.018,0.033,0.073,0.067,0.077],"recent":0.07,"base":0.0103,"mom":2.41,"peak":0.077,"peak_year":2026,"terms":["duckdb"],"story_count":1},{"name":"SQLite","cat":"Data","series":[0.009,0.01,0.019,0.013,0.013,0.016,0.016,0.024,0.028,0.034,0.028,0.03,0.031,0.05,0.065,0.118,0.109,0.171,0.112,0.149],"recent":0.14,"base":0.0672,"mom":2.14,"peak":0.171,"peak_year":2024,"terms":["sqlite"],"story_count":4},{"name":"Postgres","cat":"Data","series":[0.06,0.057,0.054,0.052,0.05,0.105,0.129,0.131,0.192,0.218,0.235,0.262,0.224,0.238,0.244,0.244,0.337,0.496,0.361,0.375],"recent":0.41,"base":0.2582,"mom":1.59,"peak":0.496,"peak_year":2024,"terms":["postgres","postgresql"],"story_count":23},{"name":"Open source","cat":"Meta","series":[0.642,0.957,0.795,0.7,0.641,0.699,0.772,0.839,0.909,0.886,0.809,0.88,0.912,0.992,1.014,1.131,1.296,1.534,1.518,1.906],"recent":1.65,"base":1.0375,"mom":1.59,"peak":1.906,"peak_year":2026,"terms":["open source"],"story_count":11},{"name":"Rust","cat":"Languages","series":[0.0,0.003,0.0,0.009,0.005,0.029,0.06,0.157,0.203,0.239,0.305,0.36,0.446,0.65,0.689,0.708,0.734,0.767,0.883,1.033],"recent":0.89,"base":0.5978,"mom":1.5,"peak":1.033,"peak_year":2026,"terms":["rust"],"story_count":20},{"name":"HTMX","cat":"Web","series":[0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.002,0.006,0.012,0.022,0.058,0.027,0.016],"recent":0.03,"base":0.007,"mom":1.12,"peak":0.058,"peak_year":2024,"terms":["htmx"],"story_count":0},{"name":"Redis","cat":"Data","series":[0.0,0.0,0.045,0.102,0.116,0.11,0.092,0.088,0.085,0.071,0.068,0.064,0.059,0.052,0.054,0.036,0.036,0.066,0.048,0.049],"recent":0.05,"base":0.0502,"mom":1.08,"peak":0.116,"peak_year":2011,"terms":["redis"],"story_count":3},{"name":"WebAssembly","cat":"Web","series":[0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.019,0.022,0.087,0.134,0.159,0.136,0.118,0.191,0.183,0.152,0.15,0.188],"recent":0.16,"base":0.1535,"mom":1.06,"peak":0.191,"peak_year":2022,"terms":["wasm","webassembly"],"story_count":9},{"name":"Linux","cat":"Infra","series":[0.545,0.712,0.716,0.577,0.597,0.657,0.641,0.573,0.577,0.743,0.679,0.718,0.703,0.788,0.825,0.806,0.77,0.802,0.792,0.84],"recent":0.81,"base":0.7683,"mom":1.06,"peak":0.84,"peak_year":2026,"terms":["linux"],"story_count":22},{"name":"TypeScript","cat":"Languages","series":[0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.022,0.027,0.022,0.051,0.079,0.127,0.142,0.191,0.18,0.144,0.161,0.184,0.143,0.177,0.189],"recent":0.17,"base":0.167,"mom":1.02,"peak":0.191,"peak_year":2019,"terms":["typescript"],"story_count":1},{"name":"Image gen","cat":"AI","series":[0.0,0.0,0.001,0.004,0.003,0.005,0.002,0.001,0.005,0.001,0.005,0.006,0.004,0.006,0.017,0.395,0.297,0.152,0.11,0.075],"recent":0.11,"base":0.1208,"mom":0.93,"peak":0.395,"peak_year":2022,"terms":["diffusion","midjourney","dall"],"story_count":3},{"name":"Security","cat":"Crypto & privacy","series":[0.314,0.609,0.677,0.725,0.776,0.791,0.856,1.044,1.124,1.131,1.185,1.27,1.137,0.985,1.007,0.995,0.958,0.876,0.945,1.138],"recent":0.99,"base":1.0587,"mom":0.93,"peak":1.27,"peak_year":2018,"terms":["security","breach","vulnerability","exploit"],"story_count":13},{"name":"Svelte","cat":"Web","series":[0.005,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.004,0.007,0.003,0.021,0.04,0.031,0.035,0.043,0.034,0.025,0.02],"recent":0.03,"base":0.0288,"mom":0.88,"peak":0.043,"peak_year":2023,"terms":["svelte"],"story_count":0},{"name":"Kafka","cat":"Data","series":[0.0,0.002,0.005,0.005,0.002,0.005,0.006,0.017,0.034,0.07,0.066,0.064,0.086,0.075,0.053,0.04,0.054,0.053,0.057,0.042],"recent":0.05,"base":0.062,"mom":0.82,"peak":0.086,"peak_year":2019,"terms":["kafka"],"story_count":0},{"name":"Python","cat":"Languages","series":[0.512,0.881,0.773,0.651,0.636,0.765,0.842,0.753,0.779,0.848,0.921,0.919,0.939,0.982,0.784,0.739,0.74,0.725,0.681,0.642],"recent":0.68,"base":0.8505,"mom":0.8,"peak":0.982,"peak_year":2020,"terms":["python"],"story_count":10},{"name":"Terraform","cat":"Infra","series":[0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.004,0.012,0.017,0.037,0.039,0.046,0.079,0.058,0.065,0.077,0.057,0.039,0.048],"recent":0.05,"base":0.0607,"mom":0.79,"peak":0.079,"peak_year":2020,"terms":["terraform"],"story_count":1},{"name":"Elixir","cat":"Languages","series":[0.0,0.002,0.0,0.002,0.005,0.004,0.023,0.041,0.098,0.131,0.149,0.093,0.077,0.078,0.099,0.076,0.101,0.082,0.063,0.047],"recent":0.06,"base":0.0873,"mom":0.73,"peak":0.149,"peak_year":2017,"terms":["elixir"],"story_count":0},{"name":"Privacy","cat":"Crypto & privacy","series":[0.231,0.198,0.208,0.474,0.367,0.442,0.777,0.53,0.53,0.478,0.499,0.684,0.737,0.637,0.67,0.507,0.471,0.384,0.438,0.482],"recent":0.43,"base":0.6177,"mom":0.7,"peak":0.777,"peak_year":2013,"terms":["privacy","surveillance"],"story_count":10},{"name":"Docker","cat":"Infra","series":[0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.125,0.419,0.575,0.533,0.438,0.28,0.28,0.278,0.179,0.147,0.142,0.143,0.15,0.152],"recent":0.15,"base":0.2177,"mom":0.68,"peak":0.575,"peak_year":2015,"terms":["docker"],"story_count":2},{"name":"Startups","cat":"Meta","series":[7.155,3.277,2.585,3.133,3.398,3.013,2.62,2.483,2.347,1.839,1.598,1.28,1.139,1.024,0.808,0.828,0.829,0.786,0.695,0.507],"recent":0.66,"base":0.9847,"mom":0.67,"peak":7.155,"peak_year":2007,"terms":["startup","startups"],"story_count":6},{"name":"MongoDB","cat":"Data","series":[0.0,0.0,0.041,0.13,0.148,0.163,0.167,0.118,0.138,0.069,0.105,0.065,0.067,0.051,0.042,0.03,0.03,0.028,0.034,0.023],"recent":0.03,"base":0.0475,"mom":0.6,"peak":0.167,"peak_year":2013,"terms":["mongodb"],"story_count":1},{"name":"React","cat":"Web","series":[0.0,0.003,0.006,0.009,0.013,0.006,0.025,0.147,0.552,0.734,0.868,0.752,0.647,0.516,0.328,0.286,0.279,0.289,0.257,0.213],"recent":0.25,"base":0.468,"mom":0.54,"peak":0.868,"peak_year":2017,"terms":["react"],"story_count":1},{"name":"JavaScript","cat":"Languages","series":[0.609,0.817,0.688,0.737,0.889,0.977,0.991,0.925,0.972,0.938,0.972,0.847,0.764,0.655,0.514,0.448,0.389,0.409,0.305,0.235],"recent":0.32,"base":0.6028,"mom":0.52,"peak":0.991,"peak_year":2013,"terms":["javascript"],"story_count":5},{"name":"Kubernetes","cat":"Infra","series":[0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.02,0.061,0.179,0.373,0.462,0.5,0.497,0.302,0.251,0.195,0.189,0.146,0.153],"recent":0.16,"base":0.3678,"mom":0.44,"peak":0.5,"peak_year":2019,"terms":["kubernetes"],"story_count":4},{"name":"Bitcoin / crypto","cat":"Crypto & privacy","series":[0.0,0.01,0.029,0.031,0.251,0.18,1.235,1.371,0.923,0.82,1.742,2.089,0.976,0.616,1.515,1.514,0.633,0.567,0.518,0.415],"recent":0.5,"base":1.2238,"mom":0.41,"peak":2.089,"peak_year":2018,"terms":["bitcoin","crypto","blockchain"],"story_count":3},{"name":"Serverless","cat":"Infra","series":[0.005,0.0,0.0,0.001,0.004,0.003,0.003,0.004,0.013,0.126,0.232,0.323,0.242,0.191,0.132,0.142,0.105,0.104,0.06,0.044],"recent":0.07,"base":0.1892,"mom":0.37,"peak":0.323,"peak_year":2018,"terms":["serverless"],"story_count":0},{"name":"Remote work","cat":"Meta","series":[0.005,0.003,0.001,0.004,0.007,0.005,0.018,0.019,0.028,0.028,0.037,0.026,0.055,0.221,0.147,0.094,0.099,0.051,0.029,0.031],"recent":0.04,"base":0.107,"mom":0.35,"peak":0.221,"peak_year":2020,"terms":["remote work","wfh"],"story_count":0},{"name":"Vue","cat":"Web","series":[0.0,0.0,0.002,0.001,0.001,0.001,0.0,0.005,0.01,0.053,0.146,0.186,0.125,0.1,0.047,0.026,0.029,0.026,0.02,0.019],"recent":0.02,"base":0.0855,"mom":0.25,"peak":0.186,"peak_year":2018,"terms":["vue"],"story_count":0},{"name":"jQuery","cat":"Web","series":[0.078,0.253,0.393,0.314,0.327,0.353,0.223,0.14,0.092,0.057,0.036,0.032,0.016,0.016,0.009,0.009,0.009,0.011,0.005,0.006],"recent":0.01,"base":0.0152,"mom":0.24,"peak":0.393,"peak_year":2009,"terms":["jquery"],"story_count":0}],"events":[{"month":"2007-02","category":"hn","label":"Hacker News launches","blurb":"YC launches 'Startup News', soon Hacker News (news.ycombinator.com)."},{"month":"2007-06","category":"industry","label":"First iPhone ships","blurb":"Apple ships the original iPhone on 2007-06-29 — the smartphone era begins."},{"month":"2008-09","category":"world","label":"Lehman / global financial crisis","blurb":"Lehman Brothers collapses 2008-09-15; the GFC reshapes startups + hiring."},{"month":"2008-10","category":"crypto","label":"Bitcoin whitepaper","blurb":"Satoshi posts the Bitcoin whitepaper 2008-10-31."},{"month":"2008-10","category":"infra","label":"Android + App stores","blurb":"Apple App Store (2008-07) and first Android phone (2008-10) open mobile dev."},{"month":"2009-06","category":"infra","label":"Node.js / npm era begins","blurb":"Node.js introduced 2009; server-side JS takes off."},{"month":"2009-11","category":"lang","label":"Go announced","blurb":"Google publicly announces the Go language in November 2009."},{"month":"2010-04","category":"infra","label":"AWS + cloud mainstream","blurb":"EC2/S3 maturing; 'the cloud' becomes default startup infra."},{"month":"2011-01","category":"crypto","label":"Bitcoin hits $1 / Silk Road","blurb":"BTC reaches ~$1; Silk Road launches, pulling crypto into the news."},{"month":"2012-02","category":"web","label":"Rise of single-page apps","blurb":"Backbone/Angular era; the SPA pattern spreads."},{"month":"2013-03","category":"infra","label":"Docker released","blurb":"Docker open-sourced 2013-03 — containers go mainstream."},{"month":"2013-05","category":"web","label":"React released","blurb":"Facebook open-sources React 2013-05-29 — the component era."},{"month":"2013-06","category":"security","label":"Snowden / NSA revelations","blurb":"Snowden leaks begin 2013-06 — surveillance + privacy dominate discussion."},{"month":"2014-02","category":"crypto","label":"Mt. Gox collapses","blurb":"The largest BTC exchange fails 2014-02, losing ~850k BTC."},{"month":"2014-04","category":"security","label":"Heartbleed","blurb":"OpenSSL Heartbleed disclosed 2014-04-07 — internet-wide TLS scramble."},{"month":"2014-06","category":"infra","label":"Kubernetes announced","blurb":"Google announces Kubernetes 2014-06; container orchestration era."},{"month":"2015-05","category":"lang","label":"Rust 1.0","blurb":"Rust 1.0 ships 2015-05-15."},{"month":"2015-11","category":"ai","label":"TensorFlow open-sourced","blurb":"Google releases TensorFlow 2015-11; deep learning tooling democratizes."},{"month":"2016-03","category":"ai","label":"AlphaGo beats Lee Sedol","blurb":"DeepMind's AlphaGo wins 2016-03 — a landmark AI moment."},{"month":"2016-11","category":"world","label":"2016 US election","blurb":"Outcome 2016-11 drives platform/misinformation debates on HN."},{"month":"2017-05","category":"crypto","label":"ICO mania begins","blurb":"2017 ICO boom; token sales flood the news through the year."},{"month":"2017-09","category":"security","label":"Equifax breach","blurb":"Equifax discloses a breach of ~147M people 2017-09."},{"month":"2017-12","category":"crypto","label":"Bitcoin ~$20k peak","blurb":"BTC peaks near $20k 2017-12 before the 2018 crash."},{"month":"2018-01","category":"security","label":"Meltdown / Spectre","blurb":"CPU speculative-execution flaws disclosed 2018-01."},{"month":"2018-03","category":"world","label":"Cambridge Analytica","blurb":"Facebook/Cambridge Analytica scandal breaks 2018-03."},{"month":"2018-05","category":"industry","label":"GDPR takes effect","blurb":"EU GDPR enforcement begins 2018-05-25 — privacy compliance wave."},{"month":"2018-06","category":"industry","label":"Microsoft acquires GitHub","blurb":"MS announces GitHub acquisition 2018-06 (~$7.5B)."},{"month":"2018-11","category":"crypto","label":"Crypto winter","blurb":"BTC slides through 2018; the 'crypto winter' sets in."},{"month":"2019-02","category":"ai","label":"GPT-2","blurb":"OpenAI announces GPT-2 2019-02 ('too dangerous to release')."},{"month":"2020-03","category":"world","label":"COVID-19 lockdowns","blurb":"WHO declares a pandemic 2020-03-11; remote work goes universal."},{"month":"2020-06","category":"ai","label":"GPT-3","blurb":"OpenAI's GPT-3 announced 2020-05/06 — few-shot LLM capability."},{"month":"2020-07","category":"crypto","label":"DeFi summer","blurb":"Decentralized-finance yield farming booms mid-2020."},{"month":"2020-12","category":"security","label":"SolarWinds breach","blurb":"SolarWinds supply-chain compromise disclosed 2020-12."},{"month":"2021-01","category":"industry","label":"GameStop / meme stocks","blurb":"GME short squeeze 2021-01 — retail trading, Robinhood scrutiny."},{"month":"2021-03","category":"crypto","label":"NFT mania","blurb":"Beeple sells for $69M 2021-03; NFTs go mainstream."},{"month":"2021-06","category":"ai","label":"GitHub Copilot preview","blurb":"Copilot (Codex) preview 2021-06 — AI pair programming arrives."},{"month":"2021-11","category":"crypto","label":"Bitcoin all-time high","blurb":"BTC peaks ~$69k 2021-11; the cycle top."},{"month":"2021-12","category":"security","label":"Log4Shell","blurb":"Log4j RCE (CVE-2021-44228) disclosed 2021-12-09 — internet-wide patching."},{"month":"2022-08","category":"ai","label":"Stable Diffusion released","blurb":"Open image generation released 2022-08 — gen-AI for everyone."},{"month":"2022-10","category":"industry","label":"Musk acquires Twitter","blurb":"Deal closes 2022-10-27; mass layoffs + platform turmoil."},{"month":"2022-11","category":"ai","label":"ChatGPT launches","blurb":"ChatGPT released 2022-11-30 — fastest product to 100M users."},{"month":"2022-11","category":"crypto","label":"FTX collapses","blurb":"FTX implodes 2022-11; SBF arrested — crypto credibility crisis."},{"month":"2022-11","category":"industry","label":"Big Tech layoffs begin","blurb":"Meta/Amazon/Twitter cuts late 2022; the layoff wave starts."},{"month":"2023-01","category":"industry","label":"Mass tech layoffs","blurb":"Google/Microsoft/Amazon announce ~tens of thousands of cuts 2023-01."},{"month":"2023-03","category":"ai","label":"GPT-4","blurb":"OpenAI releases GPT-4 2023-03-14."},{"month":"2023-03","category":"industry","label":"Silicon Valley Bank fails","blurb":"SVB collapses 2023-03-10 — startup banking panic."},{"month":"2023-06","category":"industry","label":"Reddit API revolt","blurb":"Reddit's API pricing sparks a 2023-06 moderator blackout."},{"month":"2023-07","category":"ai","label":"Llama 2 open weights","blurb":"Meta releases Llama 2 with a commercial license 2023-07."},{"month":"2023-11","category":"ai","label":"OpenAI board crisis","blurb":"Altman fired then reinstated over ~5 days, 2023-11."},{"month":"2024-02","category":"ai","label":"Sora / video generation","blurb":"OpenAI previews Sora 2024-02 — text-to-video."},{"month":"2024-05","category":"ai","label":"GPT-4o + assistants","blurb":"Multimodal real-time assistants 2024-05."},{"month":"2025-01","category":"ai","label":"DeepSeek R1 shock","blurb":"DeepSeek's cheap open reasoning model roils AI markets 2025-01."}],"event_categories":{"ai":"AI / ML","crypto":"Crypto","web":"Web / frameworks","lang":"Languages / runtimes","infra":"Infra / cloud","security":"Security","industry":"Industry / markets","world":"World","hn":"HN / community"},"category_events":{"AI":["ai"],"Languages":["lang"],"Web":["web"],"Infra":["infra","security"],"Data":["infra","security"],"Crypto & privacy":["crypto","security","world"],"Meta":["industry","world","hn"]},"post_types":[{"id":"show","label":"Show HN","definition":"A maker demo or project announcement whose title begins Show HN."},{"id":"ask","label":"Ask HN","definition":"A community question whose title begins Ask HN."},{"id":"link","label":"Link","definition":"A story that points to an external URL and is not Show HN or Ask HN."},{"id":"text","label":"Text","definition":"A self-post without an external URL and not Show HN or Ask HN."}],"archetypes":[{"id":"debate-heavy","priority":1,"label":"Debate-heavy","definition":"Typical positive comment velocity was in the capture set’s top decile and the story reached at least 50 comments."},{"id":"fast-breakout","priority":2,"label":"Fast breakout","definition":"Reached the observed top 10 with typical positive score velocity in the capture set’s top decile."},{"id":"long-burn","priority":3,"label":"Long burn","definition":"Had at least one uninterrupted capture segment lasting at least 12 hours and at least 12 snapshots overall."},{"id":"brief-visibility","priority":4,"label":"Brief visibility","definition":"Cumulative observed time was under two hours across no more than 12 snapshots."},{"id":"steady-climb","priority":5,"label":"Other observed path","definition":"Did not meet the deliberately narrow thresholds for the other observed patterns."}],"coverage":{"topics":{"start":2007,"end":2026,"last_full":2025,"live":2026,"sample_start":null,"note":"Annual values are each topic's share of that year's HN story titles. The live year is partial; any sampled years are labeled and remain share-normalized."},"frontpage":{"first":"2026-06-19","last":"2026-07-13","days":24,"ticks":2461,"missing_dates":["2026-07-05"],"stories":2111,"velocity_eligible":1968,"velocity_min_seconds":300,"note":"Velocity uses only consecutive observations at least five minutes apart inside the forward-captured top 30. Observed and lifecycle elapsed time accumulate only within capture segments; gaps and time outside that view contribute zero. No historical rank path is inferred."}},"method":{"heatmap_relative":"Each topic row is scaled to its own peak to compare timing, not magnitude.","heatmap_absolute":"Cell intensity uses a log scale of annual title share; exact percentages remain in the focus readout and accessible table.","percentiles":"Empirical percentile among captured stories with at least one qualifying consecutive observed pair. The default rate is the median positive interval of at least five minutes; the peak remains secondary context. A high percentile describes this capture set—not all HN submissions.","topic_match":"Captured stories are linked to tracked topics by the same curated whole-word title terms used by the momentum board; matches are approximate.","events":"A curated event near an attention change is context to investigate, not evidence that the event caused the change.","lifecycle_timing":"Lifecycle elapsed times use a cumulative observation clock that advances only between adjacent points inside the same capture segment. Gaps contribute zero elapsed time, and no crossing time is inferred inside a gap.","archetype_assignment":"Each story receives the first matching label in the published priority order: debate-heavy, fast breakout, long burn, brief visibility, then other observed path. Labels are descriptive and mutually exclusive by construction."},"generated":"2026-07-13T06:08:46Z","version":"8f6c16f27d2a","story_data_url":"/explore/stories.json"}